Manhole
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A manhole, also known as an inspection chamber, is a point of access to underground utilities, most commonly a sewer system. By allowing access, it enables operatives to undertake inspections, adjustments, cleaning, and to perform maintenance. A manhole usually consists of a chamber or ring – a vertical circular pipe – of varying sizes and depths, which is used to access inspection points. | A manhole, also known as an inspection chamber, is a point of access to underground utilities, most commonly a sewer system. By allowing access, it enables operatives to undertake inspections, adjustments, cleaning, and to perform maintenance. A manhole usually consists of a chamber or ring – a vertical circular pipe – of varying sizes and depths, which is used to access inspection points. | ||
Revision as of 12:34, 21 March 2018
A manhole, also known as an inspection chamber, is a point of access to underground utilities, most commonly a sewer system. By allowing access, it enables operatives to undertake inspections, adjustments, cleaning, and to perform maintenance. A manhole usually consists of a chamber or ring – a vertical circular pipe – of varying sizes and depths, which is used to access inspection points.
Manholes should be constructed where there is a change of direction and/or a change of gradient, or where access is required for maintenance purposes. Such changes in direction or gradient must be made within the channel and not outside of the manhole or concealed by benching.
Manholes should also be positioned 0.5 m away from curb lines, preferably with the manhole cover positioned away from the wheel line of traffic.
The cover acts as a plug to protect the manhole and prevent unauthorised access. Covers can be circular, rectangular or square, and are typically made of metal or, less commonly, precast concrete, glass reinforced plastic, or a composite material. In order to make manholes watertight, a range of approved sealants are used.
Older manholes are usually fitted with steps on the inner side of the wall to allow easy access. More modern manholes can be designed so that physical entry is not required. Generally, if the manhole depth is less than 1 m, a step ladder is mandatory, whereas if it exceeds 2.5 m, a regular ladder must be fitted.
For more information, see Manhole chambers.
Find out more
Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Culvert.
- Difference between drains and sewers.
- Gasket.
- Groundwater control in urban areas.
- Highway drainage.
- Pipelines.
- Safe working in drains and sewers.
- Sewer construction.
- Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.
- Valves.
- Water transfers and interconnections.
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